Options
Cortes-Jofre, Patricia
Research Outputs
Clozapine versus quetiapine for people with schizophrenia
2018, Cortes-Jofre, Patricia, Asenjo-Lobos, Claudia, Fonseca, Carolina, Leucht, Stefan, Garcia-Ribera, Carles
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the clinical effects and safety of clozapine compared with quetiapine in the treatment of schizophrenia and related disorders.
Mortality in critically III elderly individuals receiving mechanical ventilation
2019, Santa Cruz, Roberto, Villarejo, Fernando, Figueroa, Alvaro, Cortes-Jofre, Patricia, Gagliardi, Juan, Navarrete, Marcelo
BACKGROUND: Previous studies that evaluated mortality in elderly subjects who received mechanical ventilation had conflicting results. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of age on mortality. METHODS: A number of medical literature databases and the references listed (from 1974 to May 2015) were searched for studies that compared 2 different age groups. The primary outcome was mortality in subjects ages > 65 y. The severity scores, ICU and hospital lengths of stay, and the presence of ventilator-associated pneumonia were secondary outcomes. Finally, mortality in the subjects with ARDS and of cutoff ages 70 and 80 y was assessed by subgroup analysis. Evidence quality was assessed by the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) criteria score. RESULTS: Of the 5,182 articles identified, 21 were included. Subjects ages > 65 y had higher mortalities (odds ratio [OR] 1.80, 95% CI 1.56 –2.08; I2 _ 71%). APACHE (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation) II revealed intergroup differences (mean difference 3.07, 95% CI 2.52–3.61; I2 _ 0%), whereas neither the ICU nor hospital length of stay (mean difference 1.27, 95% CI _0.82 to 3.36, I2 _ 82%, and mean difference 1.29, 95% CI _0.71 to 3.29, I2 _ 0%, respectively) nor the groups in the 2 studies that assessed ventilator-associated pneumonia exhibited any difference. Subgroup analysis revealed a higher mortality in the older subjects, in the subjects with ARDS (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.30 –2.36; I2 _ 0%) and in the subjects ages 70 and 80 y (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.51–2.10, I2 _ 71%; and OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.81–2.13, I2 _ 0%, respectively). The quality of associated evidence was low or very low. CONCLUSIONS: Although low-quality evidence was available, we conclude that age is associated with a greater mortality in critical subjects who were receiving mechanical ventilation.
Use of Antibiotics in Dental Implant Surgery: A Decision Based on Evidence from Systematic Review
2015, Asenjo Lobos, Claudia, Jofré, Jorge, Cortes-Jofre, Patricia, Manterola, Carlos
TodavÃa se mantiene el integorrante acerca de si las infecciones postoperatorias y el fracaso de los implantes se pueden reducir con el uso de antibióticos. Especialmente, cuando su uso rutinario puede causar efectos adversos y puede contribuir al desarrollo de bacterias resistentes a los antibióticos. Por otra parte, no hay consenso en cuanto al régimen de dosificación apropiado de antibióticos para prevenir la infección bacteriana en los implantes dentales. Para determinar la efectividad de los diferentes regÃmenes de antibióticos destinados a prevenir la infección temprana después de la colocación del implante, se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de todos los estudios pertinentes sobre el uso de antibióticos para la cirugÃa del implante dental. También fueron analizados grupos de pacientes en los que se colocaron implantes sin el uso de antibióticos. Los resultados iniciales demostraron la existencia de infección postoperatoria y el fracaso del implante debido a la infección. De 164 artÃculos revisados, 11 cumplieron con los criterios de selección, representando un total de 9.472 implantes colocados. Estudios asociados con el uso de antibióticos postoperatorios mostraron una menor incidencia de infección temprana (regÃmenes postoperatorios 0%, regÃmenes pre y postoperatoria 0,22% y 0,53%, a largo y corto plazo, respectivamente (P= 0,275)). En cuanto al fracaso debido a la infección, no se encontraron diferencias entre los grupos (p= 0,249). Se observó una tendencia a favor del uso de antibióticos para prevenir infecciones postoperatorias tempranas. Nuevos estudios deben llevarse a cabo con el fin de proporcionar directrices clÃnicas, basadas en la evidencia, para el uso de antibióticos en la colocación del implante dental.