Dr. Rossel-Cid, Pedro

Physical computing is a field that involves the use of sensors, actuators, and microcontrollers to build systems that interact with the environment. This approach has been used in education, particularly to teach computer science, programming, computational thinking, and design concepts. This systematic review explores the use of physical computing in K-12 education, with a focus on what educational interventions are like, how they are assessed, their effects, and how students experience them. We included 43 scientific studies that describe the methodology and assessment process used in the intervention. We found that physical computing interventions have three types of expected educational outcomes: to learn physical computing itself, to improve other learning outcomes, or to improve attitudinal variables. The interventions use a variety of educational methods to achieve their goals; as well as a variety of instruments to measure outcomes. A common lesson structure has emerged, widely adopted across classrooms, including a short lecture followed by a hands-on phase, usually including teamwork to foster collaboration. Further comparative and long-term studies are needed to understand how physical computing interventions affect students, especially those who are underrepresented.

Aphasia, an alteration in the ability to use language, is a common consequence of stroke. Aphasia is treated by multidisciplinary teams including speech and language therapists. However, due to high workload and scarce resources, patients may not get enough therapy time. This article proposes MyAphasia, an application to help speech and language therapists in the treatment of aphasia in the acute phase, by assigning activities for the patient to perform independently. The application was evaluated by 11 speech and language therapists for 2 days. The results are promising: therapists found MyAphasia easy to use and helpful, potentially saving time and resources.

Informal caregivers provide long-term, unpaid support to patients – usually family or friends – with serious illnesses. Although caregiving is essential, it can have adverse effects, e.g. physical and emotional exhaustion. Digital applications are a cost-effective alternative to manage these effects. However, applications for caregivers are usually centered on skill building and education rather than well-being, and general-purpose stress management applications – besides not specifically considering caregivers – frequently change and do not usually incorporate social aspects. To design a caregiver-centered application, we analyzed caregiver needs, specifically focusing on well-being aspects. We present Care4Plant, an application designed to measure the emotional dimension of caregivers’ burden based on the Zarit Burden Questionnaire, and suggest a set of mood improvement tasks accordingly. Care4Plant features a virtual plant that represents informal caregivers’ emotional well-being, allowing them to care for the plant through actions intended to manage their mental health and reduce stress, and to share their plant with other caregivers through a social network represented by a greenhouse. We conducted an evaluation of Care4Plant with nine users over two weeks. The results indicated good levels of usability and demonstrated that the approach of motivating users through the virtual plant was well-received.

Diary studies are used to gather user information in their natural context. Despite the advantages of digital diaries, older users are not able to fully beneft from them, e.g. due to decreased motor and cognitive abilities, and low digital skills. This work presents InMyDay, a digital diary application specifcally designed and implemented for older users. The goal of this work is twofold: frst, we research whether older users are able to record activities and refect on their emotions using a digital diary. Then, using the results of this frst phase, we implemented three input styles for the second version of the digital diary: voice, stylus, and keyboard. Overall, 23 older users participated in evaluations aimed at improving the design of the diary and understanding their input style preferences. We found that the older adults used the diary to refect on their emotions, registering positive as well as negative emotions. We also found that the variety of choices in input styles helped the participants select the option most suited to their particular needs and preferences. Future work will focus on evaluating the digital diary over a longer period of time, to analyze variables such as long-term adoption and motivation, as well as trends in the selection of input styles.

Technology can improve university students’ communication, helping them maintain relationships. Although there are many available technological tools, students face challenges—e.g., living far from home, failing grades, depression—that may isolate them from their networks. Most research into these topics has been conducted in countries in which students leave their parents’ home while at university, which is not the case for most students in southern Chile. In this context that has been seldom studied, this paper presents two studies, focusing on two research questions: (1) How do university students in southern Chile communicate? (2) Can a mobile application persuade university students to increase their communication patterns? To answer these questions, we conducted a survey with 90 students in southern Chile, and then developed a persuasive application called Social+Me, aimed at monitoring communication with students’ support networks and persuading them to keep in touch. We conducted a preliminary evaluation of Social+Me, and the application was well received by participants, who felt that it improved their communication with their social network. The main impact of our study lies in applying persuasive technologies to the communicative practice of university students to prevent students from feeling isolated or unsupported.

Aging is associated with a progressive decline in health, resulting in increased medical care and costs. Mobile technology may facilitate health self-management, thus increasing the quality of care and reducing costs. Although the development of technology offers opportunities in monitoring the health of older adults, it is not clear whether these technologies allow older adults to manage their health data themselves. This paper presents a review of the literature on mobile health technologies for older adults, focusing on whether these technologies enable the visualization of monitored data and the self-reporting of additional information by the older adults. The systematic search considered studies published between 2009 and 2019 in five online databases. We screened 609 articles and identified 95 that met our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Smartphones and tablets are the most frequently reported technology for older adults to enter additional data to the one that is monitored automatically. The recorded information is displayed on the monitoring device and screens of external devices such as computers. Future designs of mobile health technology should allow older users to enter additional information and visualize data; this could enable them to understand their own data as well as improve their experience with technology.