Dra. Mennickent-Barros, Daniela

2022, Dra. Mennickent-Barros, Daniela, Rodríguez, Andrés, Farías-Jofré, Marcelo, Araya, Juan, Guzmán-Gutiérrez, Enrique

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a hyperglycemia state that impairs maternal and offspring health, short and long-term. It is usually diagnosed at 24–28 weeks of pregnancy (WP), but at that time the fetal phenotype is already altered. Machine learning (ML)-based models have emerged as an auspicious alternative to predict this pathology earlier, however, they must be validated in different populations before their implementation in routine clinical practice. This review aims to give an overview of the ML-based models that have been proposed to predict GDM before 24–28 WP, with special emphasis on their current validation state and predictive performance. Articles were searched in PubMed. Manuscripts written in English and published before January 1, 2022, were considered. 109 original research studies were selected, and categorized according to the type of variables that their models involved: medical, i.e. clinical and/or biochemical parameters; alternative, i.e. metabolites, peptides or proteins, micro-ribonucleic acid molecules, microbiota genera, or other variables that did not fit into the first category; or mixed, i.e. both medical and alternative data. Only 8.3 % of the reviewed models have had validation in independent studies, with low or moderate performance for GDM prediction. In contrast, several models that lack of independent validation have shown a very high predictive power. The evaluation of these promising models in future independent validation studies would allow to assess their performance on different populations, and continue their way towards clinical implementation. Once settled, ML-based models would help to predict GDM earlier, initiate its treatment timely and prevent its negative consequences on maternal and offspring health.

2021, Araya, Juan, Rodriguez, Andrés, Lagos-San Martin, Karin, Dra. Mennickent-Barros, Daniela, Gutiérrez-Vega, Sebastián, Ortega-Contreras, Bernel, Valderrama-Gutiérrez, Barbara, Gonzalez, Marcelo, Farías-Jofré, Marcelo, Guzmán-Gutiérrez, Enrique

There is evidence about a possible relationship between thyroid abnormalities and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, there is still no conclusive data on this dependence, since no strong correlation has been proved. In this work, we used machine learning to determine whether there is a correlation between maternal thyroid profile in first and second trimester of pregnancy and GDM. Using principal component analysis, it was possible to find an evident correlation between both, which could be used as a complement for a more sensitive GDM diagnosis.