Dr. Salazar-Sepúlveda, Guido

This systematic review explores the most validated methodologies for measuring managerial skills that contribute to sustainable organizational development, with a focus on confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Using PRISMA guidelines and the PICOS framework, a systematic search in the Web of Science (6810 articles) and Scopus (11,267 articles) identified 27 relevant studies. Our findings emphasize the significance of valid, reliable measurement scales for key managerial competencies, such as leadership, decision-making, communication, and teamwork, which enhance employability and foster sustainable management aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). CFA emerges as a robust technique for ensuring methodological rigor in competency assessment, confirming theoretical models with empirical data. This study identifies gaps in current measurement frameworks, advocating for expanding models to incorporate digital transformation, sustainability leadership, and crisis management skills. Additionally, it underscores the importance of developing context-specific instruments that reflect sectoral and cultural variations. This review contributes to management education and workforce development by providing a validated framework for assessing managerial skills, supporting organizations in aligning leadership training with sustainability-driven business goals. Our findings offer practical implications for designing competency-based curricula and corporate training programs to enhance organizational resilience in an evolving global landscape.

The study analyzes how graduate students in economics, administration and accounting perceive their managerial skills for employability, with the aim of determining its associated variables to improve the educational processes of future managerial leaders. It focuses on the importance of developing transferable skills that meet current and future job demands. To measure the perception of skills, a structured and duly validated questionnaire (Employability Skills 2000+) was used, answered by 225 graduate students in Economics, Administrative and Accounting Sciences in Tegucigalpa, Honduras. The data obtained from the application were analyzed using the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) method with the FACTOR software. The CFA generated an adaptation of the original scale with 21 variables. The resulting scale determined three predominant factors: personal management skills, fundamental skills and teamwork skills, which presented good consistency and validity, allowing us to make conclusions regarding employability skills in the context studied. The findings show the existence of a correlation between fundamental skills and variables such as work experience, employment status and gender, as well as a high correlation between teamwork skills, work experience and employability conditions.