Dr. León-Castro, Ernesto

El proceso de toma de decisiones tiene una incidencia relevante en los resultados de las empresas, lo que ha llevado a desarrollar novedosos métodos que permitan evaluar bajo condiciones no controlables elementos subjetivos y racionales. En ese sentido, el objetivo principal de este trabajo estudia los operadores de agregación en la toma de decisiones en entornos inciertos. Se presentan dos metodologías que permiten agregar información, que se llaman operadores OWA y BON-OWA. La aplicación de estos operadores se realiza en la selección de lanzamiento de nuevos productos. La principal ventaja de estos operadores es que permiten capturar la actitud del decisor y la comparación e interrelación continua de la información. Así, se destaca el análisis holístico que ofrecen estos métodos sobre la toma de decisiones en incertidumbre, que permite integrar conceptos de la teoría administrativa y la teoría de la agregación en un caso aplicado, visualizando como la inclusión de la información genera cambios dentro de los rankings de selección de alternativas.

Interval numbers are widely used in many fields to provide information about different scenarios. This paper presents several new uncertain average formulations using the ordered weighted average, prioritized, probabilistic and induced operators. First, the work introduces the uncertain prioritized induced probabilistic ordered weighted average (UPIPOWA) operator that its main applicability is in complex group decision making problems. Also, a wide range of special cases and extensions using quasi-arithmetic means are presented, such is the case of the quasi-arithmetic UPIPOWA (QUPIPOWA) operator. The study analyzes the applicability of this new approach in economic variables, specifically are imports and exports. Particularly, the paper focuses on measuring the imports and exports for Latin America for 2017

This paper presents the Pythagorean membership grade induced ordered weighted moving average (PMGIOWMA) operator with some particular cases and theorems. The main advantage of this new operator is that can include the knowledge, expectation, and aptitude of the decision maker into the Pythagorean membership function by using a weighting vector and induced variables. An application in financial knowledge based on a survey conducted in 13 provinces in Boyacá, Colombia, is presented.

This paper presents applications of computational intelligence tools in investment decision making processes. The aim is to build effective stock portfolios, for diverse risk-oriented individuals, including both, objective and subjective inputs. The proposed methods include the analysis of 5 different stock shares from companies that are in the Nasdaq 100 index, namely: Microsoft, Amazon.com Inc, MercadoLibre Inc, Intel Corporation and Facebook Inc using the ordered weighted average distance (OWAD) operator, the ordered weighted averaging adequacy coefficient (OWAAC) operator and the ordered weighted averaging index of maximum and minimum level (OWAIMAM) operator. Results show that a risk seeking investor would prefer stocks that display the behavior of the analyzed dataset of Amazon and a conservative investor would prefer Intel. The main advantage of the proposed methods is introducing multiple objective and subjective data in a single formulation that includes risk aversion, aptitude, expectations, and investment inputs, providing a wider representation of options and scenarios.

The aim of this paper is to present the application of the OWA operator and some of its extensions in the calculation of continent and global tax revenues. The idea is to present how the analysis of an important economic indicator can vary depending on how the information is aggregated. An example was employed based on the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) database using 111 countries that were divided by continent, and then the global tax revenue was calculated using different aggregation operators. Different analyses can be carried out by governments and enterprises to improve decision making and fiscal politics.

The main aim of this paper is to propose a new aggregation operator to improve the evaluation of the transparency index. This new operator is called the prioritized induced ordered weighted average weighted average (PIOWAWA) operator. The main characteristics of the PIOWAWA operator are that it allows considering the degree of importance, reordering and weight factors given to the information in the same formulation by the decision maker. A mathematical application is performed using a Colombia transparency case. The findings highlight that according to the operator used, there are significant changes in the ranking. The main implications are given by using these aggregation operators for the generation of scenarios by considering the changes in the allocation of weights, the level of importance and the ordering of information simultaneously.

Financial markets have been characterized in recent years by their uncertainty and volatility. The price of assets is always changing so that the decisions made by consumers, producers, and governments about different products is not still accurate. In this situation, it is necessary to generate models that allow the incorporation of the knowledge and expectations of the markets and thus include in the results obtained not only the historical information, but also the present and future information. The present article introduces a new extension of the ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator called the Bonferroni probabilistic ordered weighted average (B-POWA) operator. This operator is designed to unify in a single formulation the interrelation of the values given in a data set by the Bonferroni means and a weighted and probabilistic vector that models the attitudinal character, expectations, and knowledge of the decision-maker of a problem. The paper also studies the main characteristics and some families of the B-POWA operator. An illustrative example is also proposed to analyze the mathematical process of the operator. Finally, an application to corn price estimation designed to calculate the error between the price of an agricultural commodity using the B-POWA operator and a leading global market company is presented. The results show that the proposed operator exhibits a better general performance than the traditional methods.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify new formulations for evaluating corporate social responsibility using different aggregation information operators. Design/methodology/approach: The ordered weighted average (OWA) operator and its extensions, the induced OWA (IOWA) and prioritized OWA (POWA) operators are used to generate a new score for a Mexican enterprise with the corporate social responsibility (CSR) distinction. Findings: The use of these operators allows for generation of different scenarios highlighting the relative importance of the elements. This information is useful for the government and companies to generate different evaluations depending on the specific characteristics of the region, state or municipality. Originality/value: The use of aggregation operators in the traditional CSR formulation is presented. Likewise, the application of these new strategies to evaluate CSR is presented in a Mexican enterprise case to understand the steps that should be followed if the OWA operator and its extensions are to be used.

The economic impact of COVID-19 is undeniable, and one of the sectors most affected by this situation was tourism; when departures were canceled and what is known as “The Great Lockdown” began, the activity of this sector was paralyzed. In this regard, knowing which strategic actions must be implemented in order to recover economically is vital. This study aims to identify the importance of the strategic actions of travel agencies in Boyacá following the COVID-19 crisis using aggregation operators and fuzzy techniques. The methodology uses the experton method, Bonferroni’s OWAAC method, maximum similarity sub-relationships and Pichat’s algorithm, and the relative incidence analysis method to determine the importance of the actions taken. The findings show that most managers’ implemented strategic actions, including highlighting financial capacity and marketing (improvement actions and establishing alliances), which were the strategic actions with the highest incidence. These actions identify a focus for activities to reactivate the business and are related to the company’s routine operations.

The objective of the paper is to present an extension of the ordered weighted average (OWA) operator, probability OWA (POWA) operator, distance measures and Pythagorean membership grades. These new operators are called the Pythagorean membership grade OWA distance (PMGOD) operator and the probabilistic Pythagorean membership grade OWA distance (PPMGOD) operator. This extension includes in one formulation the ability to measure the ideal vs. real situation of the distance operators, the weighting vector and reordering step of the OWA operator and the way in which it includes uncertainty based on the satisfaction of the criteria of the Pythagorean membership degree. These propositions are applied to new business ventures in the city of Colombia, where the decision maker can express his/her concerns about the uncertainty and probabilities of the current business environment and, thus, generate a better decision-making process.