Dr. León-Castro, Ernesto

The increasing development of gadgets to evaluate stress, wellness, and anxiety has garnered significant attention in recent years. These technological advancements aim to expedite the identification and subsequent treatment of these prevalent conditions. This study endeavors to critically examine the latest smart gadgets and portable techniques utilized for diagnosing depression, stress, and emotional trauma while also exploring the underlying biochemical processes associated with their identification. Integrating various detectors within smartphones and smart bands enables continuous monitoring and recording of user activities. Given their widespread use, smartphones, smartwatches, and smart wristbands have become indispensable in our daily lives, prompting the exploration of their potential in stress detection and prevention. When individuals experience stress, their nervous system responds by releasing stress hormones, which can be easily identified and quantified by smartphones and smart bands. The study in this paper focused on the examination of anxiety and stress and consistently employed “heart rate variability” (HRV) characteristics for diagnostic purposes, with superior outcomes observed when HRV was combined with “electroencephalogram” (EEG) analysis. Recent research indicates that electrodermal activity (EDA) demonstrates remarkable precision in identifying anxiety. Comparisons with HRV, EDA, and breathing rate reveal that the mean heart rate employed by several commercial wearable products is less accurate in identifying anxiety and stress. This comprehensive review article provides an evidence-based evaluation of intelligent gadgets and wearable sensors, highlighting their potential to accurately assess stress, wellness, and anxiety. It also identifies areas for further research and development.

In this study, a thick hollow axisymmetric functionally graded (FG) cylinder is investigated for steady-state elastic stresses using an iteration technique and the finite element method. Here, we have considered a functionally graded cylinder tailored with the material property, namely, Young’s modulus, varying in an exponential form from the inner to outer radius of the cylinder. A mathematical formulation for stress analysis of functionally graded cylinder under internal and external pressure conditions is developed using constitutive relations for stress–strain, strain–displacement relations and the equation of equilibrium. The effect of the in-homogeneity parameter on radial displacement, radial and tangential stresses in a functionally graded cylinder made up of a High Carbon Steel (HCS) metal matrix, reinforced with Magnesium Oxide (MgO) ceramic is analyzed. The iterative method implemented is fast and converges to the solution which can be further improved by considering a higher number of iterations. This is depicted graphically by using radial displacement and stresses in a pressurized functionally graded cylinder obtained for the first two iterations. An iterative solution for non-FGM (or homogeneous material) is validated using the finite element method. The mechanical responses of the functionally graded cylinder obtained from the iterative method and the finite element method are then compared and found to be in good agreement. Results are presented in graphical and tabular form along with their interpretations

In this part of a series of two papers, we extend the theorems discussed in Part I for infinite series. We then use these theorems to develop distinct novel results involving the Hurwitz zeta function, Riemann zeta function, polylogarithms and Fibonacci numbers. In continuation, we obtain some zeros of the newly developed zeta functions and explain their behaviour using plots in complex plane. Furthermore, we provide particular cases for the theorems and corollaries that show that our results generalise the currently available functions and series such as the Riemann zeta function and the geometric series. Finally, we provide four miscellaneous examples to showcase the vast scope of the developed theorems and showcase that these two theorems can provide hundreds of new results and thus can potentially create an entirely new field under the realm of number theory and analysis.