Ph.D. Morales-Paredes, Hernán

Traditionally, the selection process of teacher candidates has emphasized the assessment of subject matter and pedagogical knowledge using psychometric methodologies, which simply organize candidates in continuous scales and require a large number of samples. However, these methods do not allow for the identification of candidates’ knowledge profiles and learning paths, which would help develop programs tailored to support students in their training process. In this study, an evaluation instrument was developed by using the nonparametric approach to model diagnostic classifications and was then validated on a sample of 119 participants. This instrument allows for disaggregating candidates’ initial knowledge and establishing relationships between its components. The results showed that candidates present a variety of profiles, which may consider more than one attribute. Not only does it provide a score that can be used for selection processes, it also provides useful information for initial teacher training methods.

The study addresses from a gender perspective, the scope of the practices that university teachers have implemented in Initial Teacher Education. The main objective was to know the teaching practices in the university and school classroom, which facilitated and/or limited the participation of students from the experience of those who have lived them as students of Secondary Education Pedagogy in Mathematics and Physical Education Pedagogy. This is a multiple case study, with a qualitative approach. The results show the presence of various teaching practices in which both the absence of a gender approach and the persistence of an acceptance of certain gender roles and stereotypes that continue to be transmitted in university and school classrooms are evident. Although future teachers of Mathematics and Physical Education are clearly aware of the characteristics of these practices and the discrimination associated with some of them, new challenges arise from this study to promote changes in initial teacher training which will allow young people to be agents of the social transformation required in terms of gender equity in education.

Esta investigación se desarrolla en el contexto educativo de formación del profesorado en la Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, de Chile, tiene como objetivo conocer la percepción del estudiantado de pedagogía con respecto a la asignatura Filosofía de la Educación. La metodología utilizada parte de un diseño descriptivo, cualitativo, a través de un estudio de caso. Se elaboraron entrevistas en profundidad las cuales permitieron construir un relato sobre la percepción y establecer relaciones entre variables asociadas al objetivo. Las respuestas fueron analizadas a través de categorías y se complementó con el uso del software Nvivo 11. Los resultados más relevantes indican que el déficit está asociado a un problema motivacional por parte de los estudiantes hacia el estudio de la filosofía en general. Sin embargo, muestran una percepción positiva hacia la necesaria presencia filosófica en el proyecto curricular para la formación, señalan la necesidad de perfeccionar los recursos didácticos que emplea el personal docente, así como estrategias de enseñanza que ayuden de modo concreto a los estudiantes de pedagogía a desarrollar habilidades reflexivas; se reconoce la necesidad de proponer una didáctica específica de la Filosofía.