Research Outputs
Nivel de actividad fĆsica y sedentarismo en personas con diagnĆ³stico de cĆ”ncer en Chile
Background: One of the side effects of cancer treatment is a low level of physical activity (PA) due to fatigue and pain. Aim: To quantify PA levels in Chilean people with cancer. Material and Methods: Analysis of the National Health Survey 2016-2017 including 6,233 participants, comparing those with and without a self-report of cancer was conducted. Levels of PA and sitting time were assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results: 3% of participants [confidence intervals (CI): 2.6; 3.9] reported having cancer and 34% [95% CI: 22.7; 46.7] of these reported being physically inactive, compared to 25% [95% CI: 22.5; 27,3] of those without cancer. Participants with cancer performed 56 and 77 minutes/day lower vigorous and total PA than participants without cancer. No differences between groups were observed for commuting PA, moderate PA and sedentary time. Lower level of PA was independent of the years elapsed since the diagnosis of cancer. Conclusions: People with cancer are less physically active than their counterparts without the disease.
Association between different modes of travelling and adiposity in Chilean population: Findings from the Chilean National Health Survey 2016ā2017
Background: Active travel has been suggested as a feasible way of increasing physical activity levels. Although international studies have demonstrated its effect over different health outcomes and adiposity, there is still limited evidence on this topic in developing countries, such as Chile. Aim: To investigate the associations between different types of travelling and markers of obesity in the Chilean adult population. Methods: 5411 participants from the Chilean National Health Survey 2016ā2017 (CNHS) were included in this study. Active travel was assessed using a questionnaire. Car commuters, public transport (PT), walking and cycling were the four forms of travelling assessed. Bodyweight, body mass index and waist circumference were used as markers of adiposity. Results: Compared to car travellers, body weight, WC and BMI levels were lower for PT walking and cycling travellers. The odds for obesity (Odds ratio (OR): 0.41 (95% CI: 0.28; 0.61 p ā¤ 0.001) were lower for walking and the odds (OR: 0.56 (95%CI: 0.35; 0.89 p = 0.014) for central obesity were significantly lower for cyclist in comparison to car travellers. Additionally, participation in any form of active travel (walking or cycling) was low, with only 20.9% of the population reporting being active travellers. Conclusion: Active travel, such as walking and cycling, was associated with lower adiposity levels in the Chilean adult population. Promoting active travel could be a feasible strategy to tackle the high prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity in the Chilean population.
Prevalencia de inactividad fĆsica en LatinoamĆ©rica ĀæLograrĆ” Chile y el Cono Sur reducir en un 10% los niveles de inactividad fĆsica para el aƱo 2025?
La prĆ”ctica regular de actividad fĆsica (AF) se asocia a un nĆŗmero importante de beneficios sobre la salud, incluyendo la reducciĆ³n de enfermedades cardiovasculares, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, hipertensiĆ³n arterial, depresiĆ³n, demencia y algunos tipos de cĆ”ncer, como de colon y mamas (Figura 1). Se estima que el 9% de mortalidad prematura por cualquier causa (equivalente a 5.3 millones de muertes por aƱo), se podrĆan prevenir si la poblaciĆ³n cumpliera con las recomendaciones de AF, es decir, realizara al menos 150 minutos de AF de intensidad moderada o >75 minutos de AF de intensidad vigorosa por semana.
Impacto de la actividad fĆsica programada sobre el rendimiento motor de preescolares
El estudio de la relaciĆ³n entre el desarrollo de patrones motores y los niveles de actividad fĆsica en la infancia, ha tomado un renovado interĆ©s con el objetivo de reorientar las prĆ”cticas en este grupo etario. El objetivo de la presente investigaciĆ³n fue comparar el efecto de una intervenciĆ³n de 12 semanas, mediante la ejecuciĆ³n de circuitos de actividad fĆsica, sobre el rendimiento motor en preescolares, la muestra seleccionada fue un grupo de niƱos y niƱas de entre 4-6 aƱos, que para efectos de la investigaciĆ³n se dividieron en dos grupos de acuerdo a su estado nutricional: normopeso (n=12) y sobrepeso/obesidad (n=9).Corresponde a un estudio cuantitativo, en el que se evaluĆ³ IMC/edad, circunferencia de cintura y rendimiento motor. De acuerdo con los resultados se logrĆ³ evidenciar que existen mejoras significativas en el rendimiento motor del grupo normopeso, especĆficamente en el equilibrio, salto y carrera y en el grupo con sobrepeso/obesidad, solo hubo una mejora en la carrera. En conclusiĆ³n, una intervenciĆ³n de actividad fĆsica, mediante circuitos, mejorĆ³ el rendimiento motor en la muestra de preescolares, principalmente en el grupo con estado nutricional normal.