Dr. Urzua-Osorio, Angel

2016, Dr. Urzua-Osorio, Angel, Olavarría, Luis, Guzmán-Rivas, Fabián

Pleuroncodes monodon from the Chilean coast has seasonal reproduction. During the seasonal period, females and their eggs are exposed to seasonal variation in environmental conditions. In P. monodon populations inhabiting the Southern Pacific coast near Concepción, Chile, we quantified late summer (February–March 2014) and late winter (August–September 2014) seasonal variations in female reproductive parameters (carapace length, fecundity, reproductive output (RO), ash weight, organic content) as well as eggs parameters (length, volume, dry weight, organic content). There was conspicuous seasonal variation in the main reproductive parameters of this species. During the summer, the number of eggs and organic content of females were higher than winter, whereas RO was slightly higher in winter than in summer. Significant variation in the size and biomass of the eggs was also found between seasons. For example, eggs laid in summer were smaller, had a lower measured dry mass, and had a lower organic content than eggs laid in winter. Seasonal variations in the fecundity and size of the eggs have implications for fishery models, which can be used to estimate the relative contribution of different cohorts to recruitment and stability of adult benthic populations.

2016, Dr. Urzua-Osorio, Angel, Espinoza-Vásquez, Celeste, Guzmán-Rivas, Fabián, Bascur-Bascur, Miguel

One of the key factors affecting larval survival is food availability. This study investigated the influence of starvation on the nutritional condition of zoea I larvae of Pleuroncodes monodon. Experimental treatments with differential periods of starvation and subsequent feeding (point of no return: PNR) in addition to treatments with differential periods of feeding and subsequent starvation (point of reserve saturation: PRS) were used to quantify larval survival and the occurrence of lipid droplets in the hepatopancreas. Larval survival differed significantly depending on the starvation and feeding treatment administered. A high percentage of survival was found for the starvation treatment until day 1 (S1-PNR), for the feeding treatment until day 4 (F4-PRS), and for the continuously fed control groups (FC). Survival was minimal for the starvation treatment lasting until day 7 (S7-PNR) and for the continuously starved control groups (SC). In turn, similar tendencies were observed in the utilization of energy reserves; the lipid droplets significantly decreased throughout the PNR treatment, while the presence of lipid droplets gradually increased during the PRS treatment. All these larval condition parameters can be used in fishery models of population dynamics, which estimate the nutritional status of the offspring and their effects on survival.