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  4. Contrasting evolutionary responses in two co-distributed species of<i>Galaxias</i>(Pisces, Galaxiidae) in a river from the glaciated range in Southern Chile
 
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Contrasting evolutionary responses in two co-distributed species of<i>Galaxias</i>(Pisces, Galaxiidae) in a river from the glaciated range in Southern Chile
Victoriano, P. F
Muñoz-Ramírez, C. P
Canales-Aguirre, C. B
Facultad de Ciencias 
A. Jara
Ph.D. Vera-Escalona, Iván 
Facultad de Ciencias 
Burgos-Careaga, T
Muñoz-Mendoza, C
Habit, E. M
10.1098/rsos.200632
The Royal Society
2020
Life-history traits are among the most important factors affecting population abundance and genetic diversity of species. Here, we analysed the genetic patterns of two Galaxias species with different life-history traits to investigate how these biological differences impacted their evolution in the Valdivia River basin, Southern Chile. We analysed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences from 225 individuals of Galaxias maculatus and 136 of G. platei to compare patterns of genetic diversity, structure and demographic growth across the basin. Galaxias maculatus presented higher genetic diversity and higher genetic structure than G. platei. Demographic analyses showed G. maculatus kept a higher population size over time, with a signal of demographic expansion in the last 250 kyr. Whereas Galaxias platei, exhibited lower, but constant population size over time. Furthermore, haplotype networks revealed higher lineage diversity in G. maculatus with a tendency to occupy different areas of the basin. Coalescent simulations ruled out that genetic differences between species could be explained by stochastic processes (genetic drift), suggesting species-specific biological differences as responsible for the observed genetic differences. We discuss how differences in life-history traits and past glaciations interact to shape the evolutionary history of the two Galaxias species.
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Contrasting evolutionaryresponses in twoco-distributed species ofGalaxias (Pisces, Galaxiidae)in a river from the glaciatedrange in Southern Chile.pdf

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Comparative phylogeography
Freshwater fishes
Genetic variation
Last Glacial Maximum
Idiosyncratic responses
Historial de mejoras
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