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  4. Four-year Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) observations: On-sky receiver performance at 40, 90, 150, and 220 GHz frequency bands
 
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Four-year Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) observations: On-sky receiver performance at 40, 90, 150, and 220 GHz frequency bands
Dahal, Sumit
Appel, John
Datta, Rahul
Brewer, Michael
Ali, Aamir
Bennett, Charles
Chan, Manwei
Chuss, David
Cleary, Joseph
Couto, Jullianna
10.3847/1538-4357/ac397c
The Astrophysical Journal
2022
The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) observes the polarized cosmic microwave background (CMB) over the angular scales of 1° ≲ θ ≤ 90° with the aim of characterizing primordial gravitational waves and cosmic reionization. We report on the on-sky performance of the CLASS Q-band (40 GHz), W-band (90 GHz), and dichroic G-band (150/220 GHz) receivers that have been operational at the CLASS site in the Atacama desert since 2016 June, 2018 May, and 2019 September, respectively. We show that the noise-equivalent power measured by the detectors matches the expected noise model based on on-sky optical loading and lab-measured detector parameters. Using Moon, Venus, and Jupiter observations, we obtain power to antenna temperature calibrations and optical efficiencies for the telescopes. From the CMB survey data, we compute instantaneous array noise-equivalent-temperature sensitivities of 22, 19, 23, and 71 $\mu {{\rm{K}}}_{\mathrm{cmb}}\sqrt{{\rm{s}}}$ for the 40, 90, 150, and 220 GHz frequency bands, respectively. These noise temperatures refer to white noise amplitudes, which contribute to sky maps at all angular scales. Future papers will assess additional noise sources impacting larger angular scales.
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Cosmic microwave background radiation (322)
Early universe (435)
Observational cosmology (1146)
Astronomical instrumentation (799)
Polarimeters (1277)
CMBR detectors (259)
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