Dra. Sáez-Delgado, Fabiola

Early dropout and retention of students are critical problems in both secondary and higher education. Existing models that predict the intention to drop out require the incorporation of complex variables strongly related to student success, such as self-regulated learning. Moreover, new possible predictors have emerged in the context of a pandemic. This study set out to validate scales that measure the phases of self-regulation of learning in Chilean secondary school students and determine the association between self-regulation, forced labor insertion, technological barrier, and intention to quit during COVID-19. An instrumental design was carried out, where 251 students participated, and a cross-sectional predictive design with a sample of 171. Results showed adequate psychometric properties in assessment scales for self-regulation. Furthermore, the logistic regression model carried out to predict the dropout intention was significant. The final model showed that external causal attributions, planning self-evaluation, forced labor insertion, and technological barriers were significant predictors, achieving a success rate of 84.8%. In conclusion, although many factors are considered in dropout intention models, this study incorporated self-regulation skills that can be promoted in students and systematically integrated into school programs to help reduce dropout rates in secondary education, therefore contributing to a successful transition to higher education.

Los objetivos del estudio fueron caracterizar variables psicosociales y académicas en familias de escolares de primaria y secundaria del sur de Chile en aislamiento físico y analizar la salud mental de padres y madres. Se utilizó un diseño descriptivo transversal. Se consideraron dos etapas. En la primera se aplicó una encuesta ad-hoc a 8.102 familias. En la segunda se aplicó el instrumento DASS-21 a una muestra de 59. Los resultados de la primera etapa evidenciaron en las familias que el 40% tenía un integrante sin trabajo remunerado, un ingreso menor a $440, y la gran mayoría no disponía de computador. Los escolares han sentido ansiedad, miedos nocturnos, mal humor o agresividad, varios no han realizado tareas escolares y reportaron dificultades motivacionales, la mayoría no ha dedicado suficiente tiempo al estudio y se han dedicado a ver series. En la segunda etapa, el 57,6% de los padres y madres presentó ansiedad severa, el 50,8% estrés y un 83% depresión. Se concluye que las familias carecen de recursos para el desarrollo efectivo de la educación en línea. Se requieren acciones especializadas para "mitigar" el impacto del aislamiento físico por Covid-19 en variables socio-académicas y de salud mental en escolares y sus familias.