Dr. Poblete-Valderrama, Felipe

Los factores del estilo de vida podrían promover un envejecimiento saludable. Objetivo: Investigar la asociación entre la actividad física (PA), comportamiento sedentario y deterioro cognitivo en chilenos mayores adultos. Material y Métodos: Se incluyeron 1.390 participantes de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud (2009-2010). El Mini-mental El examen estatal se utilizó para diagnosticar el deterioro cognitivo. La actividad física y el comportamiento sedentario fueron evaluados con Cuestionario Global de Actividad Física (GPAQ). Regresión Logística se realizó para investigar las asociaciones. Resultados: Comparados con adultos mayores con niveles más bajos de PA (< 48 min/día), aquellos con niveles medios (48-248 min/día) y más altos (>248 min/día) de PA tuvieron menores probabilidades de deterioro cognitivo (Odds ratio (OR): 0,57 [95% IC: 0,32; 0,83], p < 0,01, respectivamente). Los participantes que informaron que pasaban más de 8 horas al día sentados tenían una alta probabilidad de deterioro cognitivo en comparación con aquellos que pasaban < 4 horas/ día (OR: 3,70 [IC 95%: 1,37; 6,03], p = 0,01). Conclusiones: Tanto la PA como el comportamiento sedentario se asociaron independientemente con el deterioro cognitivo independiente de los principales factores de confusión en adultos mayores chilenos.

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between physical activity (PA), both occupational (OPA) and during leisure time (LTPA), with obesity and cardiovascular risk factors in Chilean adults. 5,157 participants from the Chilean National Health Survey 2009–2010 were included in this study. OPA and LTPA levels were assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. The association between both PA with obesity and cardiovascular risk factors was determined using logistic regression. Our findings showed a significant trend between higher LTPA and lower odds for obesity (OR 0.64 [95% CI: 0.53; 0.76], central obesity 0.52 [0.44; 0.61]) and other cardiovascular risk factors including diabetes (OR: 0.72 [0.55; 0.94]), hypertension (OR: 0.59 [0.50; 0.71]) and metabolic syndrome (OR: 0.62 [0.50; 0.78]). In contrast, OPA was only associated with lower odds of diabetes (OR: 0.79 [0.65; 0.98]) and hypertension (0.85 [0.74; 0.98]). In conclusion, LTPA was associated with a lower risk of all major cardiovascular risk factors, whereas OPA was only associated with a lower risk of diabetes and hypertension.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate levels of self-reported active commuting by socio-demographics factors in Chile. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 5,157 participants (women: 59.3%, age range 15–101 years) from the Chilean National Health Survey (CNHS) 2009–2010. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ v2) was utilised to measure frequency and time spent in active commuting (walking or cycling). In addition, age, sex, education, place of residence, income and occupation were used as socio-demographics factors of interest. Results: 31.9% [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 29.7; 34.2] of the population reported not doing any form of active commuting, this prevalence was higher in women than men (34.0% vs. 29.7%), in older (≥65y) than younger individuals (≤24y) (44.1% vs. 24.4%), in individuals with lower education compared to higher education (38.4% vs. 28.2) and in retired individuals than in those who were employed (46.0% vs. 31.2%). Being a non-active commuter was associated with a higher prevalence of physical inactivity (OR: 11.1 [95% CI: 8.27; 14.8], p < 0.0001). Similar findings were observed when analyses were stratified by socio-demographics factors. Conclusions: Our findings show that prevalence and levels of active commuting differ by sociodemographic factors. In addition, our results provide evidence that commuting physical activity is an important domain that contribute to achieving the physical activity guidelines. Individuals who do not engage in active commuting presented a higher prevalence of physical inactivity.