Dra. Sáez-Delgado, Fabiola

Introduction. Even before the pandemic began, teachers faced multiple challenges such as diverse student populations with widely varying needs, excessive workloads, lack of community support, and adverse working conditions. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these problems. The teachers have been increasingly susceptible to stress, anxiety, and depression. The objective of this research was to evaluate the mediation effect of coping strategies on the relationship between emotional intelligence and teachers' mental health. Method. The design was explanatory with latent cross-sectional variables. The sample was 1668 Chilean school level teachers, 331 (19.8%) were men, and 1337 (80.2%) were women; the mean age was 42.08 years (SD = 11.50). Three scale self-report were used: the emotional intelligence WLEIS, the scale DASS-21 was used to measure mental health levels y, the short version of the COPE-28, for coping strategies. Results. This study showed that high levels of anxiety, depression, and stress are significantly related to the lower emotional intelligence of teachers. The strongest relationships are between mental health variables and the emotional intelligence evaluation and regulation of emotions. The results indicated that the dimensions of emotional intelligence predicted 22%, 26%, and 23% of the variance in anxiety, depression, and stress, respectively. The estimated mediation model showed satisfactory fit indices. For anxiety, active coping and religion were mediated, and for stress, substance abuse, self-distraction and disengagement were mediated. Also, the results showed indirect effects of two maladaptive coping strategies (denial and self-blame) between the relationship of emotional intelligence the dimensions and depression, anxiety, and stress. Discussion and Conclusion. Explanatory models can be the basis for specific strategies to treat stress, anxiety, and depression in teachers. Considering the importance of the teaching role, the results of this study are useful to guide intervention actions that strengthen the management of emotions and the identification and use of effective coping strategies for the promotion of mental health.

El aprendizaje autorregulado ha sido muy elogiado como competencia clave para iniciar y mantener el aprendizaje permanente. Sin embargo, a pesar de su reconocido valor, la literatura ha evidenciado que aún no está arraigado lo suficiente en las escuelas y que no se desarrolla de forma automática en el estudiantado. El objetivo de este estudio fue validar un instrumento para medir la autorregulación del aprendizaje en estudiantes de educación primaria y analizar diferencias en los procesos de autorregulación del aprendizaje en el estudiantado según el sexo y el grado. El método se desarrolló desde un paradigma positivista y un enfoque cuantitativo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 514 estudiantes de tercero a octavo grado de educación primaria en Chile. Los resultados mostraron que el instrumento tiene una estructura aceptable [χ2/gl = 3.55, p autoevaluación del estudio y aprendizajey autoeficacia para la disposición al estudio, donde las mujeres presentaron mayor nivel que los hombres. También en las variables estrategias de disposición al estudio y autoeficacia para la disposición al estudio, en los niveles de séptimo y cuarto grado, a favor de estos últimos. La discusión presenta las posibles implicaciones prácticas, la investigación orientada a la intervención oportuna y el impacto en la calidad de la educación escolar. Se concluye que las mujeres son más autorreguladas que los hombres, que los niveles de autorregulación son subóptimos y que, si esta no se entrena de manera intencional, no aumenta durante los cursos de la educación primaria.

Este artículo tiene por objetivo sistematizar información empírica sobre las intervenciones de videojuegos educativos en el nivel de Educación Secundaria, mediante la descripción de los participantes, caracterización de la variable independiente, efectividad, limitaciones y proyecciones de los estudios. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura, donde se analizaron artículos publicados en las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus y SciELO, entre los años 2016 y 2021, logrando una muestra final de 19 investigaciones. Los resultados destacan que el continente europeo y concretamente España han desarrollado el mayor número de publicaciones relacionadas con intervenciones de videojuegos en este nivel educativo. Sin embargo, se utilizaron muestras poco representativas. También, se evidenció que se utilizan principalmente estrategias pedagógicas vinculadas al área de las matemáticas para integrar la tecnología al aula, dejando de lado la promoción del área humanista en relación con esta herramienta digital. Finalmente, todas las intervenciones mostraron efectividad, no obstante, se requiere avanzar en esta línea de investigación que está en un nivel de desarrollo incipiente en la educación secundaria, considerando los beneficios que mostraron para propósitos educativos. En conclusión, las intervenciones que incluyen tecnologías en contextos escolares obtienen resultados positivos en el proceso de enseñanza–aprendizaje, ayudando a desarrollar tanto contenidos como habilidades transversales en los educandos.

La presente investigación tiene dos objetivos: (1) describir las investigaciones empíricas desarrolladas sobre la actividad física en estudiantes universitarios y (2) especificar limitaciones y orientaciones señaladas en los estudios sobre actividad física en estudiantes universitarios. El método desarrollado fue una Revisión Sistemática de las bases de datos Web of Science (WOS) y Scielo en el período de tiempo 2013 a 2018. Los resultados del primer objetivo son descripción de los estudios respecto del país, diseño, muestra, objetivos, e instrumentos de medida de las investigaciones. Respecto de los resultados del segundo objetivo, las dos principales limitaciones declaradas en los estudios son el uso de instrumentos de medida de tipo autorreporte y los diseños que son principalemente correlaciónales y escasos cuasiexperimento; las dos principales orientaciones son que las universidades fomenten la actividad física a través de programas de intervención y que sea integrada al currículum.

Dropping out of university studies is one of the current problems of Higher Education; the increased rates during the first year of the study programme is considerable around the world. Dropping out has negative social implications that are reflected at the personal, family, institutional, and educational levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate a predictive model considering the mediation of university social satisfaction and perceived academic performance within the relations between perceived social support, social self-efficacy and academic purposes with career satisfaction and dropout intention in Chilean university students. A non-experimental explanatory design of latent and observed variables was used. Structural equation analyses with Mplus software were performed. The sample consisted of 956 first year university students. The study complied with the ethical requirements for research with human subjects. As a result, a predictive model with adequate adjustment indexes was obtained. When evaluating the explanatory capacity through the coefficient of determination (R2), it was observed that it explains 38.9 and 27.4% of the variance of the dropout intention and career satisfaction, respectively. This percentage of explanation indicates a large effect size in Social Sciences; therefore, they are considered adequate predictive models. The mediation of university social satisfaction on the relationships between social support, social self-efficacy, and academic purposes with academic adjustment and dropout intention was, respectively, confirmed. The perception of academic performance has less influence on dropout intention and on career satisfaction among first-year students. The model obtained allows explaining the dropout intention and career satisfaction in first year students. In addition, it is composed of variables that can potentially be modified in the interaction of students and professors.

Background: Smartphone applications have the potential to support university students for the benefit of learning in higher education. Objective: To design and evaluate the effect of an intra-curricular program using a mobile application on self-regulated learning strategies in university students. Method: The 4Planning mobile application was designed following a systematic literature review, expert judgement and application. The instrument to assess the effect of the intervention was the SRL Readiness Practices Scale, with a one-factor structure (CFI = 0.98; TLI = 0.97; RMSEA = 0.05) with reliability of α = 0.89. The design was quasi-experimental with pre- and post-test measures and experimental and control groups. The sample consisted of 473 first-year university students (37.02% male) from seven Chilean universities with a mean age of 19.35 (SD = 2.49). Statistical analysis was an ANOVA performed in R software version 4.0.3. Results: Statistically significant differences were identified in the levels of self-regulated learning between the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The development of the 4Planning app proved to be effective in promoting the development of self-regulated learning strategies in university students.

Self-regulation is relevant to understanding the teaching–learning process; however, few studies have focused on teachers’ self-regulatory processes. The aim of this study was to characterize and analyze the relationship between teachers’ and students’ self-regulation. The design was cross-sectional and correlational. The sample consisted of 1481 participants (students n = 1123 and teachers n = 358) from 25 secondary schools in 17 cities of the Biobío region of Chile. In students, self-regulatory strategies were found to be deployed only half of the time; women were more self-regulated, and there was no difference in the levels of self-regulation according to grade. Teachers, it was found, almost always self-regulate their teaching, and the variables that influence their self-regulation are motivation, gender, and age, explaining between 25% and 28% of the variance. Positive and small correlations were evidenced between teacher role disposition with learning performance (rho = 0.10, p < 0.05) and teacher role self-evaluation with both learning performance and self-evaluation of learning in their students (rho = 0.12, p < 0.05). This study provides relevant evidence and proposes changes that could have a positive impact on teacher training and improve current teaching–learning practices in Chile, which would contribute to the quality of education.

Early dropout and retention of students are critical problems in both secondary and higher education. Existing models that predict the intention to drop out require the incorporation of complex variables strongly related to student success, such as self-regulated learning. Moreover, new possible predictors have emerged in the context of a pandemic. This study set out to validate scales that measure the phases of self-regulation of learning in Chilean secondary school students and determine the association between self-regulation, forced labor insertion, technological barrier, and intention to quit during COVID-19. An instrumental design was carried out, where 251 students participated, and a cross-sectional predictive design with a sample of 171. Results showed adequate psychometric properties in assessment scales for self-regulation. Furthermore, the logistic regression model carried out to predict the dropout intention was significant. The final model showed that external causal attributions, planning self-evaluation, forced labor insertion, and technological barriers were significant predictors, achieving a success rate of 84.8%. In conclusion, although many factors are considered in dropout intention models, this study incorporated self-regulation skills that can be promoted in students and systematically integrated into school programs to help reduce dropout rates in secondary education, therefore contributing to a successful transition to higher education.

The aim of this study is to characterize and identify limitations and orientations of empirical and quantitative research on self-regulated learning in engineering students through a systematic review. The main findings are that research in self-regulated learning in engineering students is at an initial level of development, and there are a low number of experimental studies. Therefore, universities have the challenge of promoting self-regulated learning in engineering students with intra-curricular interventions.

Son prometedores los beneficios de la incorporación de tecnologías en educación. El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar las intervenciones desarrolladas para promover la autorregulación de aprendizaje con uso de tecnologías y determinar su efectividad. El método fue un metaanálisis basado en los estándares PRISMA identificando estudios en Web of Science, Scopus y Eric y su posterior análisis y selección usando el software Rayyan. La muestra fue de 6 estudios. Los análisis de datos se realizaron con el software Jamovi. Los resultados evidenciaron una caracterización insuficiente de las intervenciones respecto del número, frecuencia y duración de las sesiones, todas usaron el modelo de autorregulación de Zimmerman, pero pocos estudios especificaron un modelo tecnológico. Los tipos de tecnologías usados fueron LMS y aplicaciones móviles, y los instrumentos fueron escalas tipo Likert de autoinforme. El metaanálisis evidenció que las intervenciones fueron efectivas, aportó una estimación de 0.55 con un intervalo de confianza al 95% de 0.22, 0.88. La prueba de tamaño del efecto total fue significativa (z = 3.25, p = 0.001). Se concluye que las intervenciones con uso de tecnologías son efectivas en la promoción de la autorregulación. Se presentan implicaciones prácticas considerando estos resultados para la Educación Superior.